Java Cluster, Instances & Internal Structure

In AS Java, what distinguishes a Java instance from the individual server processes running inside it?

The training book lists a Java instance's components as the ICM and the server processes. Per SAP's official architecture documentation, what third per-instance component is also always present?

Can a single Java instance with its ICM and server processes function as a complete Java cluster on its own?

You need more request-processing capacity from an AS Java system. What are the two dimensions you can scale along?

Servlets, JSPs, and EJBs in an AS Java application do not run bare on the JVM. What does the platform place them in, and why?

Within an SAP system, how is one instance uniquely identified, and how many physical servers does a single instance span?

A client already has an open connection to an AS Java instance and sends a follow-up request. Does the ICM pick its server process by round-robin?

How does a single AS Java server process handle many client requests at the same time?

In a multi-instance Java system, which instance is the Primary Application Server (PAS)?

Central Services is called a special Java instance. What does it provide, and what SID and system number does it use?

When many Java instances sit behind the SAP Web Dispatcher, which Central Services component supplies the load-balancing information — the message service or the enqueue service?

Does the AS Java message service move application business data between cluster nodes?

Where does the AS Java enqueue service keep its lock table, and what does it do with it?

AS Java's internal structure is divided into three logical levels. Name them from lowest to highest.

Can a component in the SAP Java Enterprise Runtime call functions provided by a service in the layer above it?

Which manager of the SAP Java Enterprise Runtime is the first one started when AS Java boots, and why does the order matter?

How and where does AS Java store its configuration data, and which manager is responsible?

In the Cluster Manager configuration, what does the setting element.joinPort control?

Of the four AS Java System Component types (interfaces, libraries, services, facades), which type actually provides runtime request-processing functions?

An admin needs to manage AS Java users, groups, and authorizations. Which system service governs that?